Locksmiths Industry Terminology

Access control

A system that regulates who can enter which doors and when, using credentials such as keys, cards, fobs, PINs, or biometrics, often managed by software and controllers.

'We’re upgrading the office to an access control system with card readers on all exterior doors.'; 'Add the new hires as users and set their schedules to weekdays only.'; 'The client wants mobile credentials instead of physical fobs.'


ADA compliance

Meeting Americans with Disabilities Act requirements for accessible door hardware (height, clearances, operability, opening force) and usable egress.

'Relocate the keypad to meet ADA height requirements.'; 'The closer needs to be adjusted to reduce opening force for ADA compliance.'; 'We’ll specify lever hardware for ADA accessibility.'


AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction)

The local official or entity (e.g., fire marshal, building inspector) that interprets and enforces codes, life-safety, and fire door regulations on-site.

'The AHJ rejected the magnetic lock because there’s no proper egress release.'; 'Get AHJ approval before modifying fire doors.'; 'We’ll confirm with the AHJ whether delayed egress is permitted here.'


ANSI/BHMA grade

Durability and performance ratings for door hardware established by ANSI/BHMA (Grades 1–3), with Grade 1 being the highest.

'Use Grade 1 locks on the exterior doors.'; 'The spec calls for BHMA A156.2 Grade 2 for the classrooms.'; 'Higher traffic areas warrant Grade 1 hardware.'


Audit trail

A time-stamped log of access events from electronic or smart locks showing which credential operated a door and when.

'Pull the audit trail to see who accessed the server room after hours.'; 'Enable audit logging on all keypad locks.'; 'The client needs 90 days of event history.'


Auto locksmithing

The locksmith niche focused on vehicles: key duplication, transponder programming, remotes, lockouts, and ignition or door lock service for cars and trucks.

'We’ll dispatch our auto specialist to program the new transponder key.'; 'She handles high-security automotive key cutting.'; 'We’re adding car remotes to our service lineup.'


Backset

The distance from the door edge to the centerline of the lock or handle; common residential backsets are 2-3/8 in. and 2-3/4 in.

'That deadbolt is 2-3/8 inch backset.'; 'Order the latch with a 2-3/4 backset for commercial doors.'; 'Check the backset before mortising the lock.'


Bitting

The series of depth numbers that define how a key is cut to operate a specific lock.

'The bitting for that key is 32415.'; 'Record the bitting to maintain the master key chart.'; 'We decoded the bitting from the cylinder.'


Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)

A wireless protocol used by many smart locks and access control readers to communicate with smartphones and fobs at low power.

'This smart lock uses BLE for phone-based unlocking.'; 'Enable BLE credentials for guests.'; 'BLE range is fine for the front door, but not the back lot gate.'


Bump key

A specially cut key used in certain circumstances by trained professionals to open compatible pin-tumbler locks; reputable locksmiths only use lawful, authorized, non-destructive methods.

'Clients often ask about bump-resistant locks.'; 'High-security cylinders offer bumping resistance.'; 'We educate customers on key control to reduce bumping risk.'


Bypass

A lawful, authorized method of opening or releasing a lock without using the standard key, emphasizing non-destructive techniques and client consent.

'We used a lawful, non-destructive bypass method approved by the client.'; 'That older latch is susceptible to a tool-based bypass.'; 'The customer upgraded hardware to reduce bypass vulnerabilities.'


Cam lock

A small cylinder lock with a rotating cam used on cabinets, drawers, mailboxes, and enclosures.

'Install cam locks on the file cabinets.'; 'We need a 1-1/8 inch cam lock with a straight cam.'; 'Change the cam orientation to 90 degrees.'


Code cutting

Cutting a key from a numeric/alpha code using specifications rather than duplicating an existing key, often via a code book or software.

'Cut the key by code using the key machine.'; 'We looked up the factory key code from the OEM database.'; 'Code cutting avoids duplicating a worn key.'


Computerized key machine (CNC)

A programmable key cutting machine that decodes and cuts keys precisely by following digital profiles or key code data.

'The CNC machine will decode and cut the key automatically.'; 'Calibrate the tracer before running the batch.'; 'Our new machine supports laser/sidewinder keys.'


Credential

An item or factor used for authorization in access control, such as a key, card, fob, PIN, biometric, or smartphone token.

'Assign a temporary credential for the contractor.'; 'These locks accept card, fob, and mobile credentials.'; 'Revoke the credential when the employee leaves.'


CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

Software and processes used to manage customer data, leads, quotes, jobs, and follow-ups for locksmith operations.

'Log the service call in the CRM.'; 'Our CRM tracks repeat customers and reminders for rekey services.'; 'Send estimates through the CRM portal.'


Deadbolt

A locking bolt that is manually extended into the strike; provides stronger resistance than a spring latch when properly installed.

'Install a Grade 1 deadbolt on the exterior door.'; 'The bolt throw is a full one inch.'; 'Replace the single cylinder deadbolt with a double where code permits.'


Decoding (keys/locks)

Determining a key’s bitting or a lock’s pinning from the key, cylinder, or code data through approved, non-destructive analysis.

'We decoded the key to determine its bitting.'; 'Use a scope to non-destructively decode the cylinder.'; 'The software can decode from a key image.'


Dispatching

Coordinating and scheduling field technicians, vehicles, and work orders to maximize response time and efficiency.

'The dispatcher routed the nearest tech to the lockout.'; 'Use GPS in the dispatch board to reduce drive time.'; 'We stacked the IC core changeouts on one route.'


Do Not Duplicate (DND) key

A key stamped to discourage copying, but without legal keyway restriction; not a substitute for patented or restricted key systems.

'This key is stamped DND, but it’s not legally restricted.'; 'Recommend a restricted keyway for real key control.'; 'Our policy is to verify authorization for any DND key.'


Door closer

A mechanical device that closes a door after opening, controlling speed and ensuring positive latching; crucial for fire and security performance.

'Adjust the sweep and latch speeds on the closer.'; 'Install a closer with a hold-open arm only where code allows.'; 'This corridor needs delayed action for accessibility.'


Egress/Exit device (panic bar)

Hardware that allows quick, single-motion exit in emergencies; required on many public egress doors and often paired with fire/life-safety codes.

'Install a rim panic on the rear exit.'; 'The AHJ requires single-motion egress.'; 'Upgrade to a fire-rated exit device on that door.'


Electric strike

An electrified strike plate that releases the latch when energized or de-energized, enabling remote or credentialed entry while maintaining mechanical egress.

'Tie the electric strike to the access control panel.'; 'Fail-secure on the perimeter; fail-safe on the stairwells, per code.'; 'Verify latch alignment to avoid buzzing.'


Electronic lock

A lock with electronics to control access (e.g., keypad, smart, or networked lock), often supporting schedules, audit trails, and remote management.

'Use a keypad lock with audit trail capabilities.'; 'This model supports BLE and Wi‑Fi.'; 'We’ll set user PINs and schedules via the app.'


Escutcheon

A decorative or protective trim plate that surrounds a cylinder, lever, or lock body and can cover existing door prep holes.

'Select an escutcheon plate to cover the old lock prep.'; 'The lever set comes with a full-length escutcheon.'; 'Use a hardened escutcheon for added drill resistance.'


Euro profile cylinder

A standardized, replaceable cylinder common in Europe and on many aluminum storefronts, available in various lengths and key control options.

'Order a 35/35 Euro cylinder for that door thickness.'; 'We need a thumbturn on the inside of the Euro cylinder.'; 'Specify anti-snap features on external Euro cylinders.'


Fire-rated door assembly

A door, frame, and hardware set tested and listed to resist fire for a specified duration; modifications must follow code and listings.

'Only use listed hardware on fire-rated doors.'; 'Do not alter the door or frame without AHJ approval.'; 'Maintain self-closing and latching for the rating.'


Flat-rate pricing

A pricing model that charges a fixed fee per service rather than time-and-materials, simplifying quotes and billing.

'We quote rekeys on a flat-rate schedule.'; 'After-hours lockouts have a flat-rate plus trip charge.'; 'Flat-rate simplifies the invoice for residential jobs.'


Flush bolt

A bolt recessed into the door edge, commonly used to secure the inactive leaf on double doors, available in manual or automatic versions.

'Install manual flush bolts on the inactive leaf.'; 'Use labeled automatic flush bolts on fire doors.'; 'Concealed flush bolts give a clean appearance.'


Full-mortise lock

A lock body installed into a pocket cut within the door edge, typical in commercial applications for strength and durability.

'Cut the mortise pocket to the template.'; 'A full-mortise case provides robust commercial security.'; 'Verify backset and faceplate dimensions before prep.'


Grand master key (GMK)

The highest-level key in a master key system, above master and sub-master levels, that operates all cylinders in the system.

'The GMK operates all doors in the facility.'; 'We’ll set up a hierarchy with change keys, MK, and GMK.'; 'Protect the GMK with strict key control.'


Gross margin

A profitability metric equal to revenue minus cost of goods sold, expressed as a percentage of revenue.

'Our gross margin target on hardware is 45%.'; 'Raising trip fees improved service gross margin.'; 'Track margin by job category: rekey, auto, safe, access control.'


Handing

The orientation of a door and hardware (left/right; normal/reverse) based on hinge location and door swing direction.

'The door is left-hand reverse.'; 'Order a right-hand lever set for this opening.'; 'Confirm handing before pinning the mortise lock.'


Hardware schedule

A detailed list specifying door hardware (by opening) for a project, including functions, finishes, ratings, and installation notes.

'Review the hardware schedule for each opening number.'; 'The schedule calls for Grade 1 exit devices.'; 'Submittals must match the hardware schedule exactly.'


High-security cylinder

A cylinder designed with advanced security features (e.g., key control, drill/pick resistance, hardened components) and often certified (e.g., UL 437).

'Specify a UL 437 high-security cylinder.'; 'Patented keys provide key control and pick/drill resistance.'; 'Upgrade exterior entries to high-security cores.'


IC (Interchangeable Core)

A core that can be quickly removed and replaced using a control key; most common formats are SFIC and LFIC.

'Swap the IC cores with a control key.'; 'The facility uses SFIC format across all doors.'; 'LFIC is required for the existing housings.'


Impressioning

A professional, authorized technique to create a working key by reading marks made on a prepared blank during controlled manipulation.

'We impressioned a key with the owner’s authorization.'; 'It’s a non-destructive technique used when codes aren’t available.'; 'Use impressioning only for lawful, approved service.'


Inventory turns

A metric showing how many times inventory is sold and replaced in a period; higher turns generally indicate better inventory efficiency.

'Aim for six turns per year on common key blanks.'; 'Slow-moving cores tie up cash; reduce stock.'; 'Track turns by SKU in the POS.'


IoT smart lock

An internet-connected lock that supports remote management, alerts, and integrations with apps, hubs, or cloud platforms.

'Integrate the smart lock with the client’s Wi‑Fi network.'; 'Set up remote alerts for forced entry events.'; 'Use OTA updates to patch firmware.'


Jamb

The vertical portion of a door frame that houses the strike and supports the door on the hinge side.

'Reinforce the strike on the wood jamb.'; 'Align the latch with the frame jamb to prevent rubbing.'; 'Install a wrap plate to strengthen the jamb.'


Job costing

Analyzing the revenue, labor, parts, and overhead of each job to measure profitability and refine pricing.

'Include labor hours and hardware costs in job costing.'; 'We review job profitability weekly.'; 'Dispatch data feeds our job costing reports.'


Key bitting code

A numeric/alpha sequence representing the cut depths on a key, used for code cutting and master key records.

'Enter the bitting code into the cutter.'; 'The key tag lists the bitting for quick recuts.'; 'Map bitting codes to the master key chart.'


Key blank

An uncut key matching a specific keyway profile, used to duplicate or code-cut a working key.

'Grab the correct ILCO key blank for that cylinder.'; 'We’re out of the SX9 blank; order more.'; 'Match the keyway before selecting a blank.'


Key control

Policies and technologies that regulate who can obtain, copy, and hold keys—often using restricted or patented key systems and strict procedures.

'Adopt a restricted keyway for true key control.'; 'Track issued keys and require signatures.'; 'Patented keys prevent unauthorized duplication.'


Key-in-knob (KIK) cylinder

A removable cylinder used in cylindrical knob and lever locks, commonly rekeyed or replaced to change keys quickly.

'Rekey the KIK cylinders in all knob sets.'; 'These KIKs use a common keyway.'; 'Swap KIK cylinders to match the master system.'


Keyway

The profile or shape of the key and the corresponding key slot in the cylinder that determines key compatibility.

'Those cylinders use a proprietary keyway.'; 'Choose a keyway family that allows expansion.'; 'The key won’t enter—it’s the wrong keyway.'


Latchbolt

A spring-loaded, beveled bolt that retracts when the handle is turned and extends to keep the door closed against the strike.

'The beveled latchbolt isn’t fully engaging the strike.'; 'Adjust the latch to reduce door rattle.'; 'Replace the worn latchbolt for secure closure.'


LFIC (Large Format Interchangeable Core)

An interchangeable core format used by several manufacturers, larger than SFIC and typically vendor-specific in housing compatibility.

'The school district standardized on LFIC.'; 'Order compatible LFIC housings for the mortise locks.'; 'Use the control key to remove the LFIC.'


Maglock (magnetic lock)

An electromagnetic locking device that secures a door when powered; must be paired with code-compliant egress release hardware and controls.

'Install a 1200‑lb maglock with proper egress release.'; 'Coordinate with the fire alarm for maglock power cut.'; 'The AHJ requires a motion sensor and push-to-exit.'


Master key system

A hierarchical keying structure allowing different keys to open different sets of locks, with tiers such as change keys, master keys (MK), and grand master keys (GMK).

'Design a master key system with room to expand.'; 'The MK opens all offices; the GMK opens the whole building.'; 'Maintain the key bitting array to avoid cross-keys.'


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