Other Metal Fabrication Industry Terminology

Printed a 316L bracket on a DMLS machine to avoid complex machining | Use AM for low-volume, complex lattice structures | Change build orientation to reduce supports and post-processing

Switch to 6061-T6 to reduce weight while maintaining strength | Specify Inconel 625 for high-temperature corrosion resistance | The drawing must call out alloy and temper

Anneal laser-cut parts before forming to prevent cracking | Use full anneal after heavy cold work | Specify stress-relief anneal to reduce distortion before machining

Material must meet ASTM A36 for plate | ASTM A240 is required for 316L sheet | Testing to ASTM E8 tensile standard

Add a cobot to tend the press brake for lights-out bending | Palletize laser-cut parts with a conveyor and stacker | Use PLCs to automate safety interlocks and cycle start

Calculate flat pattern using K-factor of 0.38 | Adjust bend allowance when switching to a larger inside radius | CAM uses bend tables to unfold sheet metal

Create an MBOM distinct from the EBOM for manufacturing | BOM drives MRP buys for standard hardware | Multi-level BOM structures subassemblies

Brazed joints on copper to stainless heat exchangers | Use vacuum brazing for clean, flux-free assemblies | Braze at lower temperature to avoid distortion

Update the CAD model to reflect the ECO | Export DXF for laser cutting | Use sheet metal features to auto-generate flat patterns

Post-process toolpaths to G-code for the HMC | Use CAM nesting to reduce sheet scrap | Simulate press brake bends to avoid collisions

Run a CMM program to check true position on the bracket | Use a portable CMM arm for large weldments | CMM report attaches to the FAIR

Mill the housing from 6061-T6 on a 3-axis VMC | Turn the shaft on the CNC lathe with live tooling | Use 5-axis machining to eliminate multiple setups

Rising steel prices increased COGS by 7% | Include shop labor and overhead allocation in COGS | Reducing scrap lowers COGS and improves margin

Laser cycle time is 45 seconds per part | Reduce press brake cycle time with offline programming | Takt time is 60 seconds, so cycle time must be ≤60

Tumble small brackets to remove sharp edges | Use a deburring tool on holes post-drill | Add an edge-break callout to drawings to standardize

Replace weldments with formed features to reduce steps | Increase bend radius to avoid cracking | Consolidate fasteners to simplify assembly

Call out ±0.1 mm on non-critical edges | Use GD&T true position for hole patterns | Tighter tolerances increase cost and lead time

Wire EDM the profile in hardened tool steel | Use sinker EDM to create deep internal features | EDM avoids inducing cutting forces in delicate parts

Issue work orders and travelers from ERP | Use ERP to schedule machines and plan capacity | Inventory and purchasing are tied to the BOM in ERP

Design a modular fixture plate for repeat jobs | Use locating pins and clamps to reduce setup time | Fixture ensures repeatability during welding

Add a PFMEA to address press brake mis-bends | High RPN on weld porosity drives a process change | Use DFMEA to catch risks before release

Perform GRR on calipers used for PPAP | GRR > 30% indicates the measurement system is inadequate | Train operators to improve reproducibility

Specify hot-dip galvanizing for outdoor structures | Touch up cut edges with zinc-rich paint | Electrogalv sheet for painted automotive parts

Use ER70S-6 wire with 90/10 gas | Set higher wire feed speed for thicker plate | Switch to pulse GMAW for thin-gauge sheet

TIG the stainless sanitary welds for better finish | Use a foot pedal to control amperage | Back-purge to prevent sugaring on stainless

Target 28–32 HRC after tempering | Use HRB for softer materials and HRC for steels | Hardness drift suggests improper heat treat

Minimize HAZ by controlling heat input | HAZ softening reduced fatigue life | Etch the weld cross-section to examine HAZ width

Quench and temper to achieve 40 HRC | Normalize prior to machining to stabilize material | Solution treat and age 17-4 PH stainless

Improve turns from 5x to 8x by reducing WIP | Slow-moving MRO items lower overall turns | Use VMI to increase raw material turns

Audit the QMS to maintain ISO certification | Procedures and records must reflect actual practice | ISO 9001 helps qualify for OEM work

Restrict foreign nationals’ access to controlled drawings | Classify parts and technical data before sharing | Use ITAR-compliant cloud storage

Deliver kits to the cell JIT to cut WIP | Suppliers ship steel JIT to match schedule | Transition from push to pull with JIT signals

Two-bin kanban for fasteners | Electronic kanban triggers steel coil replenishment | Kanban cards sized to takt demand

Nest parts to maximize sheet utilization | Use nitrogen assist for oxide-free edges | Fiber laser cuts thin stainless rapidly

Reduce quoted lead time by moving to standard tooling | Long coating lead times drive buffer stock | Supplier holidays extend lead time risk

Map the value stream to remove bottlenecks | Implement 5S to stabilize work areas | Convert batch welding to one-piece flow

Run MRP to create buy and make suggestions | MRP explosion uses BOM and lead times | Firm planned orders to stabilize the schedule

Complete bias and linearity studies for the height gauge | Use GRR results to select better gages | MSA is a prerequisite for SPC and PPAP

Ultrasonic test welds on critical frames | Dye penetrant inspect aluminum crack indications | Use radiography on pressure vessel welds

OEE improved from 52% to 70% after SMED | Track availability losses from changeovers | Quality losses from rework cut OEE by 5%

Implement LOTO procedures on press brakes | Add machine guarding on the turret punch | Train welders on fume extraction and PPE

Cut 1-inch plate with high-definition plasma | Dross removal adds secondary operation time | Use water table to reduce heat distortion

Design asymmetric tabs to prevent misassembly | Add sensors to detect missing nuts | Use go/no-go gages for quick verification

Switch to powder for higher durability vs wet paint | Ensure proper grounding for even deposition | Cure schedule affects coating hardness

Submit Level 3 PPAP with control plan and FAIR | Customer requires PPAP before SOP | Use PSW to document approval status

Air bend 3 mm stainless with a 12 mm die | Use hemming dies to create safe edges | Offline bend simulation reduces tryouts

QA updates the control plan after an NC | QC inspects critical dimensions on receipt | Separate assurance process from inspection tasks

Hold X-bar/R charts on hole diameters | Use Cp/Cpk to assess capability | Trigger investigation when points breach control limits

Choose 304 for general corrosion resistance | Use 316L for chloride environments | Passivate after machining to restore chromium oxide layer

Limit WIP with kanban to reduce lead time | Track WIP by work order in ERP | Excess WIP hides quality issues