Tailors, Tailoring Industry Terminology

Alterations

Post-construction adjustments made to improve fit or style. Typical scope includes hemming, tapering, letting out/in, raising/lowering waist, and balancing lengths. Examples: - Let’s shorten the sleeves by 1.5 cm and add working buttonholes. - We can let out the seat 2 cm using the inlays. - After the first wear, he came back for a waist suppression alteration.

- Let’s shorten the sleeves by 1.5 cm and add working buttonholes. - We can let out the seat 2 cm using the inlays. - After the first wear, he came back for a waist suppression alteration.


Armscye

The armhole of a garment; critical for fit, range of motion, and sleeve hang. Examples: - The armscye is too low, restricting movement. - We’ll reduce the armscye circumference to clean up the armhole. - A higher, closer armscye gives better sleeve mobility.

- The armscye is too low, restricting movement. - We’ll reduce the armscye circumference to clean up the armhole. - A higher, closer armscye gives better sleeve mobility.


Basting

Temporary, easily removable stitching used to hold layers together during construction and fittings. Examples: - Baste the canvas to the forepart before pad stitching. - Use contrast thread so the basting is easy to remove. - We’ll baste the sleeves for the fitting and set them permanently later.

- Baste the canvas to the forepart before pad stitching. - Use contrast thread so the basting is easy to remove. - We’ll baste the sleeves for the fitting and set them permanently later.


Basted Fitting

An early fitting in bespoke where the garment is loosely assembled with basting stitches, allowing easy changes to pattern and posture adjustments. Examples: - Your basted fitting is next week; we’ll assess balance and posture. - At the basted stage, we can still move darts and change the lapel shape. - After the basted fitting, we’ll proceed to a forward fitting.

- Your basted fitting is next week; we’ll assess balance and posture. - At the basted stage, we can still move darts and change the lapel shape. - After the basted fitting, we’ll proceed to a forward fitting.


Bespoke

A fully custom garment made from an individual pattern with handwork and multiple fittings; distinct from MTM and RTW. Examples: - This is a true bespoke commission with a unique pattern and three fittings. - Bespoke allows us to accommodate your asymmetric shoulders. - We don’t use fusing in our bespoke jackets; they’re fully canvassed.

- This is a true bespoke commission with a unique pattern and three fittings. - Bespoke allows us to accommodate your asymmetric shoulders. - We don’t use fusing in our bespoke jackets; they’re fully canvassed.


Block (Sloper)

A basic, foundational pattern with standard proportions used as the starting point for drafting styles or personal patterns. Examples: - We’ll draft your suit from our house block and then personalize it. - The womenswear block has different balance and dart placement. - Update the block after collecting new client measurements.

- We’ll draft your suit from our house block and then personalize it. - The womenswear block has different balance and dart placement. - Update the block after collecting new client measurements.


Break (Trouser)

How the trouser hem meets the shoe: no break, slight/half break, or full break. Influenced by hem width, rise, and footwear. Examples: - He prefers a slight break with a 4 cm hem. - No break keeps the silhouette clean with loafers. - Full break works for heavier flannels and boots.

- He prefers a slight break with a 4 cm hem. - No break keeps the silhouette clean with loafers. - Full break works for heavier flannels and boots.


CAD (Computer-Aided Design)

Software used for digital pattern drafting, editing, grading, and marker making; improves precision and workflow. Examples: - We’ll digitize the pattern and refine it in CAD. - CAD speeds up marker making and grading. - Export the CAD file to the cutter.

- We’ll digitize the pattern and refine it in CAD. - CAD speeds up marker making and grading. - Export the CAD file to the cutter.


Canvassing (Full/Half/Fused)

Structural layers inside a tailored jacket’s fronts and lapels. Full canvas extends through the front; half canvas covers chest/lapels; fused uses adhesive interlinings. Examples: - This jacket is full canvas with hand pad stitching. - Half canvas saves cost while keeping lapel roll natural. - Fused fronts can feel stiffer and may delaminate over time.

- This jacket is full canvas with hand pad stitching. - Half canvas saves cost while keeping lapel roll natural. - Fused fronts can feel stiffer and may delaminate over time.


CMT (Cut-Make-Trim)

A production model where the maker cuts, stitches, and finishes garments while the client provides materials (cloth, linings, buttons). Examples: - We supply cloth; the workshop provides CMT. - Our CMT rate includes trimmings but not lining. - Lead times vary by CMT capacity.

- We supply cloth; the workshop provides CMT. - Our CMT rate includes trimmings but not lining. - Lead times vary by CMT capacity.


Crotch Curve

The shape and length of the trouser’s crotch seam; critical for comfort, mobility, and clean lines in the seat and fork. Examples: - The back crotch curve needs more scoop to remove drag lines. - We’ll extend the front rise and deepen the crotch curve. - His athletic seat requires a longer back crotch.

- The back crotch curve needs more scoop to remove drag lines. - We’ll extend the front rise and deepen the crotch curve. - His athletic seat requires a longer back crotch.


Dart

A wedge-shaped fold sewn into fabric to create three-dimensional shape, commonly at the waist, bust, or shoulder. Examples: - Add a waist dart to remove excess at the back. - We rotated the bust dart into the side seam on this jacket. - The dart intake is 2 cm on each side.

- Add a waist dart to remove excess at the back. - We rotated the bust dart into the side seam on this jacket. - The dart intake is 2 cm on each side.


Drape

How fabric hangs and conforms to the body; also used to describe a flowing, softer silhouette versus a structured one. Examples: - The cloth has a soft drape, ideal for a fuller cut. - We’ll adjust balance to improve the drape over your chest. - That silhouette favors a draped shoulder line.

- The cloth has a soft drape, ideal for a fuller cut. - We’ll adjust balance to improve the drape over your chest. - That silhouette favors a draped shoulder line.


Ease

Extra room built into a garment beyond body measurements for comfort and movement; includes wearing and design ease. Examples: - Add 6 cm of chest ease for comfort. - Sleeve cap ease must be distributed evenly. - Wearing ease differs from design ease.

- Add 6 cm of chest ease for comfort. - Sleeve cap ease must be distributed evenly. - Wearing ease differs from design ease.


Edge Stitching

A line of stitching placed very close to the edge to reinforce and sharpen edges (lapels, collars, pocket mouths). Examples: - Edge stitch the lapels at 1/8 inch for a crisp finish. - The collar edge stitching must be even around the curves. - Edge stitching enhances durability on the pocket mouth.

- Edge stitch the lapels at 1/8 inch for a crisp finish. - The collar edge stitching must be even around the curves. - Edge stitching enhances durability on the pocket mouth.


Facing

A shaped piece of fabric used to finish raw edges such as front openings, necklines, hems, and waistbands. Examples: - The front facing is cut from self fabric. - Apply stay tape to the facing to prevent stretching. - We’ll understitch the facing for a clean roll.

- The front facing is cut from self fabric. - Apply stay tape to the facing to prevent stretching. - We’ll understitch the facing for a clean roll.


Fittings (First/Forward/Final)

Structured appointments to refine fit: first (or basted), forward (near-finished), and final (minor adjustments and sign-off). Examples: - In the first fitting, we focus on posture and balance. - The forward fitting confirms sleeve pitch and collar. - Final fitting is for small tweaks and delivery.

- In the first fitting, we focus on posture and balance. - The forward fitting confirms sleeve pitch and collar. - Final fitting is for small tweaks and delivery.


Fusing (Interfacing)

Bonding interfacing to fabric with heat, time, and pressure to add stability and shape; alternative to sewn canvas. Examples: - Fuse the waistband with medium-weight interfacing. - Poor fusing can cause bubbling after cleaning. - We use woven fusibles for shirt collars.

- Fuse the waistband with medium-weight interfacing. - Poor fusing can cause bubbling after cleaning. - We use woven fusibles for shirt collars.


Gorge Line

The seam line where the collar meets the lapel; its height and angle shape the jacket’s expression. Examples: - The gorge is set higher for a modern look. - Adjust the gorge angle to suit his neck posture. - Peak lapels with a lower gorge read more classic.

- The gorge is set higher for a modern look. - Adjust the gorge angle to suit his neck posture. - Peak lapels with a lower gorge read more classic.


Grainline

The direction of fabric threads used to orient and cut pattern pieces (straight, cross, or bias) for hang and stability. Examples: - Align the forepart on straight grain to avoid twisting. - Cut the under collar on the bias for better roll. - Plaids demand meticulous grain matching.

- Align the forepart on straight grain to avoid twisting. - Cut the under collar on the bias for better roll. - Plaids demand meticulous grain matching.


Hemming

Finishing the lower edge of a garment by turning up and securing the raw edge, by hand or machine. Examples: - We’ll blind hem the trousers at a 4 cm turn-up. - Use a hem guard on heavier wool to reduce wear. - Skirt hems need extra fullness for movement.

- We’ll blind hem the trousers at a 4 cm turn-up. - Use a hem guard on heavier wool to reduce wear. - Skirt hems need extra fullness for movement.


Horsehair Canvas

A resilient interfacing, often a blend of horsehair and wool, used in tailored jackets for chest and lapel structure. Examples: - The chest piece uses horsehair canvas for structure. - We blend horsehair with wool for a softer hand. - Store canvas flat to prevent distortion.

- The chest piece uses horsehair canvas for structure. - We blend horsehair with wool for a softer hand. - Store canvas flat to prevent distortion.


Inlays

Extra fabric left beyond standard seam allowances to permit future let-outs or style changes. Examples: - Leave 2 cm inlays on side seams for future alterations. - The client is athletic; add inlays at the seat. - We keep generous inlays on bespoke trousers.

- Leave 2 cm inlays on side seams for future alterations. - The client is athletic; add inlays at the seat. - We keep generous inlays on bespoke trousers.


Interfacing

Materials (woven, nonwoven, knit; fusible or sew-in) used to reinforce and shape areas like fronts, collars, waistbands. Examples: - Use a soft weft-insertion interfacing for the fronts. - The collar stand needs a firmer interfacing. - Choose sew-in for a more natural roll.

- Use a soft weft-insertion interfacing for the fronts. - The collar stand needs a firmer interfacing. - Choose sew-in for a more natural roll.


Jetted Pocket

A pocket finished with narrow welts (jets) and no flap; considered sleek and formal, common on tuxedos. Examples: - Dinner jackets use jetted pockets for a clean look. - Keep the jets slim and perfectly parallel. - We’ll add hidden stitching to strengthen the mouth.

- Dinner jackets use jetted pockets for a clean look. - Keep the jets slim and perfectly parallel. - We’ll add hidden stitching to strengthen the mouth.


Jigger Button

An interior button used on double-breasted jackets to hold the underlap in place and stabilize the front. Examples: - The jigger button secures the inside of the double-breasted front. - We’ll set the jigger to reduce gaping when seated. - Replace the jigger button with a sturdier horn.

- The jigger button secures the inside of the double-breasted front. - We’ll set the jigger to reduce gaping when seated. - Replace the jigger button with a sturdier horn.


Keyhole Buttonhole

A machine-sewn buttonhole with a round end (keyhole) that reinforces stress points; common on jackets and trousers. Examples: - The keyhole buttonhole accommodates thicker buttons. - Machine keyholes are bar-tacked for strength. - Compare the keyhole to a hand-sewn Milanese.

- The keyhole buttonhole accommodates thicker buttons. - Machine keyholes are bar-tacked for strength. - Compare the keyhole to a hand-sewn Milanese.


Lapel (Notch/Peak/Shawl, Roll)

The folded front edge of a jacket; styles include notch, peak, and shawl. Roll refers to how the lapel curves from collar to button point. Examples: - He chose a 9 cm notch lapel with a soft roll. - Peak lapels with higher gorges look sharper. - Shawl lapels are typical on dinner jackets.

- He chose a 9 cm notch lapel with a soft roll. - Peak lapels with higher gorges look sharper. - Shawl lapels are typical on dinner jackets.


Lead Time

Time from order confirmation to delivery, influenced by materials, workshop capacity, and number of fittings. Examples: - Our lead time is 6–8 weeks from measurement to delivery. - Lead time depends on cloth availability and CMT capacity. - Trunk show orders have longer lead times.

- Our lead time is 6–8 weeks from measurement to delivery. - Lead time depends on cloth availability and CMT capacity. - Trunk show orders have longer lead times.


Lining (Half/Full/Bemberg)

Inner layer that improves comfort, structure feel, and donning. Full, half, or quarter lining options; Bemberg (cupro) is common for breathability. Examples: - Choose a breathable Bemberg lining. - A half-lined jacket is cooler for summer. - We’ll bag the lining and hand-fell at the hem.

- Choose a breathable Bemberg lining. - A half-lined jacket is cooler for summer. - We’ll bag the lining and hand-fell at the hem.


Made-to-Measure (MTM)

A semi-custom service that modifies a standard base pattern to a client’s measurements and preferences; fewer fittings than bespoke. Examples: - MTM adapts a base pattern to your measurements. - MTM offers fewer fittings than bespoke. - This MTM program allows custom lapel widths.

- MTM adapts a base pattern to your measurements. - MTM offers fewer fittings than bespoke. - This MTM program allows custom lapel widths.


Marker Making

Planning the arrangement of pattern pieces on fabric to minimize waste and ensure grain and motif alignment; measured by marker efficiency/yield. Examples: - Optimize the marker to hit 85% yield. - Plaids reduce marker efficiency due to matching. - Send the marker to the cutter for lay-up.

- Optimize the marker to hit 85% yield. - Plaids reduce marker efficiency due to matching. - Send the marker to the cutter for lay-up.


Measurement Profile

A standardized record of a client’s measurements, posture notes, and preferences used for drafting and repeat orders. Examples: - Update his profile with new shoulder slope. - The CRM stores each client’s measurement profile. - Use the profile to pre-baste before fittings.

- Update his profile with new shoulder slope. - The CRM stores each client’s measurement profile. - Use the profile to pre-baste before fittings.


Nap Direction

The directional pile or surface texture of a fabric that reflects light differently by direction; pieces must be cut consistently. Examples: - Cut all pieces with nap down for consistent color. - Velvet demands strict nap alignment. - Flannel shows shade change against the nap.

- Cut all pieces with nap down for consistent color. - Velvet demands strict nap alignment. - Flannel shows shade change against the nap.


Notions

Sewing supplies and trimmings such as thread, buttons, zippers, tapes, pads, and buckles. Examples: - We’re short on notions: order horn buttons and silk thread. - Notions include zips, tapes, shoulder pads, and buckles. - Build the cost sheet including cloth and notions.

- We’re short on notions: order horn buttons and silk thread. - Notions include zips, tapes, shoulder pads, and buckles. - Build the cost sheet including cloth and notions.


Off-the-Rack (OTR)

Garments produced in standard sizes and sold ready for purchase; often synonymous with RTW. Examples: - OTR suits can be refined with good alterations. - He bought OTR but asked for a collar roll adjustment. - OTR sizing varies by brand’s block.

- OTR suits can be refined with good alterations. - He bought OTR but asked for a collar roll adjustment. - OTR sizing varies by brand’s block.


Overlock (Serger)

A machine stitch that trims and encases raw edges to prevent fraying; common on seam allowances and linings. Examples: - Overlock the seam allowances to prevent fraying. - Use a 3-thread overlock for lightweight linings. - Trousers seams get a 4-thread for durability.

- Overlock the seam allowances to prevent fraying. - Use a 3-thread overlock for lightweight linings. - Trousers seams get a 4-thread for durability.


Pad Stitching

Hand stitching used to marry canvas to cloth and create three-dimensional shape in lapels, collars, and chest. Examples: - Pad stitch the lapel to build roll and memory. - The collar pad stitching shapes it to the neck. - Keep stitches small and consistent through canvas and cloth.

- Pad stitch the lapel to build roll and memory. - The collar pad stitching shapes it to the neck. - Keep stitches small and consistent through canvas and cloth.


Pattern Matching

Aligning stripes, checks, or motifs across seams and components to maintain visual continuity. Examples: - Match the checks across the side seams and pockets. - The sleeve heads must align with the front plaids. - Allow extra cloth for pattern matching on stripes.

- Match the checks across the side seams and pockets. - The sleeve heads must align with the front plaids. - Allow extra cloth for pattern matching on stripes.


Pressing

Applying heat, steam, and pressure to shape rather than flatten a garment; essential at every construction stage. Examples: - Shape the lapel roll with steam and a clapper. - Use a tailor’s ham to press curved seams. - Press, don’t iron flat, or you’ll kill the cloth’s life.

- Shape the lapel roll with steam and a clapper. - Use a tailor’s ham to press curved seams. - Press, don’t iron flat, or you’ll kill the cloth’s life.


Quarter Lining

A partial lining configuration where only upper back and sleeves are lined, leaving lower body unlined for ventilation. Examples: - Quarter-lined jackets breathe better in summer. - Finish the seams neatly since they’re exposed. - We’ll use binding on the unlined seams.

- Quarter-lined jackets breathe better in summer. - Finish the seams neatly since they’re exposed. - We’ll use binding on the unlined seams.


Rise (Trousers)

The vertical distance from crotch seam to waistline; affects comfort, proportion, and seat cleanliness. Examples: - A higher rise balances his long torso. - The back rise needs more length to eliminate smile lines. - Low-rise trousers can pull at the crotch.

- A higher rise balances his long torso. - The back rise needs more length to eliminate smile lines. - Low-rise trousers can pull at the crotch.


RTW (Ready-to-Wear)

Standard-sized garments sold finished; often synonymous with OTR; typically modified with alterations for better fit. Examples: - RTW lines complement our bespoke offering. - RTW fits off the peg; alterations refine the fit. - RTW size 40 in one brand may fit like 38 in another.

- RTW lines complement our bespoke offering. - RTW fits off the peg; alterations refine the fit. - RTW size 40 in one brand may fit like 38 in another.


Seam Allowance

The extra fabric beyond the stitching line; essential for construction, finishing, and future alterations. Examples: - Leave 1.5 cm seams; more at the center back for let-outs. - Don’t trim allowances until after the fitting. - Vary seam allowances to control bulk.

- Leave 1.5 cm seams; more at the center back for let-outs. - Don’t trim allowances until after the fitting. - Vary seam allowances to control bulk.


Sleeve Pitch

The rotational angle at which a sleeve is set into the armscye, aligned to the wearer’s natural arm position. Examples: - Adjust the sleeve pitch to match his forward shoulders. - Incorrect pitch causes diagonal drag lines. - We’ll recut the sleeve head to fix the pitch.

- Adjust the sleeve pitch to match his forward shoulders. - Incorrect pitch causes diagonal drag lines. - We’ll recut the sleeve head to fix the pitch.


Ticket Pocket

A small, secondary pocket above the right hip pocket on some jackets; a traditional British detail. Examples: - Add a ticket pocket for a British look. - The ticket pocket should align with the main flap. - We’ll angle the ticket pocket slightly for style.

- Add a ticket pocket for a British look. - The ticket pocket should align with the main flap. - We’ll angle the ticket pocket slightly for style.


Toile (Muslin)

A test garment (often muslin) used to validate pattern, posture, and balance before cutting the final cloth. Examples: - We’ll cut a toile to test the pattern before cloth. - The muslin showed we need more back balance. - After toile approval, we’ll cut the final fabric.

- We’ll cut a toile to test the pattern before cloth. - The muslin showed we need more back balance. - After toile approval, we’ll cut the final fabric.


Under Collar

The underside of a jacket collar, often cut on the bias and from melton or felt, shaped to sit cleanly on the neck. Examples: - Cut the under collar on the bias for roll. - Use melton under collar for durability. - Shrink and stretch the under collar while pressing to shape.

- Cut the under collar on the bias for roll. - Use melton under collar for durability. - Shrink and stretch the under collar while pressing to shape.


Vent (Single/Double)

Slits at the back hem of jackets for ease and style. Options include single (center), double (side), or ventless. Examples: - Double vents give better movement and seat coverage. - A single vent is classic American style. - Ventless backs are common on tuxedo jackets.

- Double vents give better movement and seat coverage. - A single vent is classic American style. - Ventless backs are common on tuxedo jackets.


Waist Suppression

The inward shaping at a jacket’s waist to emphasize the V silhouette; adjusted via darts, side seams, and back seams. Examples: - We’ll take in the waist for stronger suppression. - Too much suppression can cause pulling at the button. - Add suppression while maintaining chest drape.

- We’ll take in the waist for stronger suppression. - Too much suppression can cause pulling at the button. - Add suppression while maintaining chest drape.


Was this page helpful? We'd love your feedback — please email us at feedback@dealstream.com.